Elbow dislocations are a common injury, particularly in sports and accidents. They occur when the bones in the elbow joint become misaligned due to a forceful impact or fall. While many elbow dislocations can be treated non-surgically, complex elbow dislocations may require surgical intervention to repair bones, ligaments, nerves, and restore overall function. At Steven Struhl, MD – Shoulders & Knees, we aim to provide comprehensive care and treatment for patients with elbow dislocations.

An elbow dislocation happens when the bones in the elbow joint, specifically the humerus, radius, and ulna, are forced out of their normal positions. Elbow dislocations can be classified into two categories: simple and complex.

  • Simple Dislocations: These involve only the dislocation without any associated fractures.
  • Complex Dislocations: These involve both the dislocation and fractures of the surrounding bones, as well as potential damage to ligaments, nerves, and blood vessels, sometimes severe.

When Surgery Is Needed

Complex elbow dislocations are often more severe and can lead to significant damage to the elbow joint and surrounding structures. Here are some scenarios where surgery may be necessary:

Bone Fractures

In complex elbow dislocations, the force that causes the dislocation can also fracture one or more of the bones that form the elbow joint. These fractures can range from minor cracks to complete breaks. Surgery is often required to realign and stabilize the bones using plates, screws, or pins, ensuring proper healing and restoring joint function.

Ligament Damage

Ligaments are crucial for joint stability, and a dislocation can stretch or tear these structures. In complex dislocations, surgery may be needed to repair or reconstruct the damaged ligaments. This is essential to restore stability and prevent future dislocations. Repaired ligaments are often reinforced using sutures or grafts from other parts of the body.

Nerve and Blood Vessel Injuries

The force of an elbow dislocation can damage the nerves and blood vessels around the joint. Nerve injuries can lead to weakness, numbness, or paralysis in the arm and hand, while blood vessel damage can impair circulation. Surgical intervention is often required to repair these critical structures and ensure proper function and blood flow.

Goals of Surgery

The primary goals of surgery for complex elbow dislocations are:

  • Restoring Joint Alignment: Ensuring the bones are correctly aligned to facilitate proper healing and function.
  • Repairing and Stabilizing Structures: Fixing fractured bones, torn ligaments, and damaged nerves or blood vessels.
  • Preventing Complications: Reducing the risk of future dislocations, joint instability, and long-term issues such as arthritis or limited range of motion.

Surgical procedures for complex elbow dislocations are typically performed under general anesthesia. Dr. Struhl makes an incision to access the elbow joint and carefully realigns the bones. Fractures are fixed using metal plates, screws, or pins, and damaged ligaments and nerves are repaired. The joint is then stabilized to allow for proper healing. Post-surgery, patients may need to wear a splint or brace and undergo physical therapy to regain strength and mobility.

While many elbow dislocations can be managed non-surgically, complex elbow dislocations often require surgical intervention to repair bones, ligaments, nerves, and restore overall function. At Steven Struhl, MD – Shoulders & Knees in NYC, we are dedicated to providing expert care for patients with elbow dislocations, ensuring optimal outcomes through personalized treatment plans. If you or a loved one has experienced an elbow dislocation, contact us today at our clinic in Westchester or NYC to schedule a consultation and explore your treatment options.