Ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries, but not all ankle sprains are the same. A high ankle sprain is a more severe type of sprain that can lead to prolonged recovery and, if untreated, can cause lasting damage. At Steven Struhl, MD – Shoulders & Knees in NYC, we specialize in diagnosing and treating high ankle sprains to ensure a full and safe recovery.
What Is a High Ankle Sprain?
A high ankle sprain occurs when the ligaments that connect the two lower leg bones (the tibia and fibula) are injured. These ligaments, known as the syndesmotic ligaments, hold the bones together above the ankle joint. A high ankle sprain typically happens when the foot is forced outward while the leg twists inward, such as during high-impact sports like football, basketball, or soccer.
This type of sprain differs from a low ankle sprain, which affects the ligaments on the outside of the ankle (the lateral ligaments). Low ankle sprains are more common and less severe than high ankle sprains. High ankle sprains can result in more pain and instability, often requiring a longer recovery time.
How Does a High Ankle Sprain Differ from Other Ankle Sprains?
Unlike a low ankle sprain, which typically involves rolling the ankle inward and stretching or tearing the lateral ligaments, a high ankle sprain is caused by rotational forces. This sprain affects the syndesmotic ligaments, which are located higher up on the ankle and are responsible for stabilizing the bones above the ankle joint. Key differences include:
- Location: A high ankle sprain affects the ligaments above the ankle, while a low ankle sprain involves the ligaments around the ankle.
- Cause: High ankle sprains result from twisting or rotational movements, whereas low ankle sprains often happen when the foot rolls inward.
- Severity: High ankle sprains are typically more severe and take longer to heal than low ankle sprains.
Symptoms of a High Ankle Sprain
Recognizing the symptoms of a high ankle sprain is crucial for getting proper treatment. The signs are often different from those of a low ankle sprain. Key symptoms include:
- Pain above the ankle joint, especially when walking or bearing weight
- Swelling and bruising around the upper ankle
- Difficulty in walking or running due to instability
- Pain when the foot is rotated outward
Because high ankle sprains affect the stability of the leg and foot, they are often more painful and take longer to heal than typical ankle sprains.
How Serious Is a High Ankle Sprain?
High ankle sprains are generally considered more serious than low ankle sprains due to the complexity of the injury and the role of the syndesmotic ligaments in stabilizing the leg. Recovery can take anywhere from 6 weeks to several months, depending on the severity of the injury.
In some cases, a high ankle sprain can lead to further complications, such as a fracture of the tibia or fibula. Without proper diagnosis and treatment, the injury can result in chronic pain, ankle instability, and long-term dysfunction.
According to a study published by the American Journal of Sports Medicine, athletes with high ankle sprains missed more games and had a longer recovery period compared to those with low ankle sprains. This highlights the importance of early intervention and the correct rehabilitation program.
Treatment for High Ankle Sprains
Treatment for a high ankle sprain typically begins with the RICE method: rest, ice, compression, and elevation. However, due to the severity of the injury, additional treatment may be required:
- Immobilization: In some cases, a cast or walking boot is necessary to keep the ankle stable while the ligaments heal.
- Physical Therapy: Rehabilitation exercises help restore strength, flexibility, and stability to the ankle.
- Surgery: In severe cases where the syndesmotic ligaments are significantly torn or if there is an accompanying fracture, surgery may be necessary to repair the ligaments and restore stability.
At Steven Struhl, MD – Shoulders & Knees in NYC, we provide expert treatment for sports-related high ankle sprains for professional and amateur athletes, as well as non-sport-related ankle injuries, ensuring our patients receive the best care possible for a swift and safe recovery. Contact us today to schedule a consultation and get back in the game!
